Achachairú (scientific name: Garcinia humilis), also known as Achachairú or Garcinia achachairu, is a tropical fruit tree native to the Amazon rainforest in South America. It’s renowned for its unique and delicious fruit. Here’s a detailed description of the plant:

Botanical Description

• Family: Clusiaceae
• Genus: Garcinia
• Species: Garcinia humilis (often referred to as Garcinia achachairu in some sources)

Physical Characteristics

• Size and Form: Achachairú is a small to medium-sized tree or shrub, usually growing between 3 to 6 meters (10 to 20 feet) tall. It has a dense, bushy canopy.

• Leaves: The leaves are glossy, dark green, and elliptical to ovate. They can grow up to 10-20 cm (4-8 inches) in length and 5-10 cm (2-4 inches) in width.

• Flowers: The flowers are small, yellow, or greenish and tend to be somewhat inconspicuous. They are typically clustered in the axils of the leaves.

• Fruit: The fruit is small, round to oval, and typically about 5-8 cm (2-3 inches) in diameter. When ripe, the fruit turns a bright yellow or orange. It has a thick rind and a sweet-tart flavor. The interior of the fruit is juicy and contains a central seed.

Habitat

• Native Range: The Achachairú tree is native to the Amazon basin, particularly in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru. It thrives in the humid, tropical rainforest environment.

• Climate: The plant prefers a tropical climate with warm temperatures and high humidity. It is adapted to both lowland and lower montane forest environments.

Uses

• Culinary: The fruit is eaten fresh and is known for its distinctive sweet-tart taste. It is also used in local culinary dishes and beverages. In some regions, the fruit is made into jams or juices.

• Traditional Medicine: In the Amazon rainforest, various parts of the Achachairú plant may be used in traditional medicine, though specific uses can vary by region.

• Ornamental: Due to its attractive fruit and glossy foliage, the Achachairú tree can also be grown as an ornamental plant in tropical gardens.

Cultivation

• Propagation: Achachairú can be propagated from seeds, though it can also be grown from cuttings or grafts.

• Soil: Prefers well-drained, fertile soils. It can tolerate a range of soil types but performs best in rich, loamy soil.

• Care: Requires regular watering and protection from extreme temperatures. It is relatively low-maintenance but benefits from periodic fertilization.

Achachairú is valued for its delicious fruit and its role in the ecosystems of the Amazon. Its unique flavor and attractive appearance make it a popular choice for tropical fruit enthusiasts and gardeners.